Astragalus

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Astragalus
Astragalus frigidus
Classificação científica
Reino: Plantae Divisão: Magnoliophyta Classe: Magnoliopsida Ordem: Fabales Família: Fabaceae Género: Astragalus
Espécies
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Astragalus é um género botânico pertencente à família Fabaceae.

[editar] Classificação do gênero

Sistema	Classificação	Referência
Linné	Classe Diadelphia, ordem Decandria	Species plantarum (1753)

Astragalus Root - Astragalus 386 x 396 - 237k - jpg viable-herbal.com	Astragalus 500 x 400 - 90k - jpg herbsguide.org	Astragalus Membranaceus 450 x 450 - 45k - jpg herbal-remedy-online.net	Astragalus - Monograph Page 266 x 300 - 24k - jpg altcancer.com	Astragalus Root - Astragalus 300 x 280 - 19k - jpg agricultureinformation.com	Astragalus canadensis page 465 x 610 - 97k - jpg missouriplants.com
Astragalus (huang qi) has been 400 x 488 - 31k - jpg gaiaherbs.com	Astragalus glycyphyllos 491 x 742 - 63k - jpg upload.wikimedia.org	Astragalus propinquus 654 x 600 - 76k - jpg dic.academic.ru	Astragalus angustifolius 1200 x 971 - 266k west-crete.com	Astragalus Herb 500 x 375 - 23k - jpg astragalusherb.com	Astragalus glycyphyllus a486 625 x 500 - 71k - jpg hlasek.com
Astragalus racemosus 800 x 600 - 222k - jpg ubcbotanicalgarden.org	Astragalus detritalis 376 x 500 - 116k - jpg rmrp.com	Thumbnail Index A #5. 493 x 659 - 60k - jpg swsbm.com	Astragalus onobrychis ab3416 580 x 500 - 85k - jpg hlasek.com	Astragalus missouriensis 603 x 408 - 82k - jpg opsu.edu	Astragalus alpinus 569 x 758 - 83k - jpg floracyberia.net

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This article is about the plant genus. For the ankle bone, see talus bone.

Astragalus
Astragalus tragacantha ssp. vicentinus
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae Division: Magnoliophyta Class: Magnoliopsida Order: Fabales Family: Fabaceae Subfamily: Faboideae Tribe: Galegeae Genus: Astragalus L.
Species
See text.

Astragalus (As-trá-ga-lus) is a large genus of about 2,000 species of herbs and small shrubs, belonging to the legume family Fabaceae, subfamily Faboideae. The genus is native to temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere. Common names include milk-vetch (most species), locoweed (in western US, some species)^[1] and goat's-thorn (A. gummifer, A. tragacanthus). Some pale-flowered vetches are similar in appearance, but vetches are more vine-like.

Contents [hide] 1 Species 2 Medicinal uses 3 Supplement use 4 Ornamental use 5 Toxicology 6 Selected species 7 Notes 8 External references

[edit] Species

Astragalus glycyphyllos

Astragalus species are used as food plants by the larvae of some Lepidoptera species including the following case-bearers of the genus Coleophora: C. astragalella (feeds exclusively on A. glycyphyllos), C. cartilaginella (feeds exclusively on Astragalus), C. colutella, C. euryaula (feeds exclusively on Astragalus), C. gallipennella (feeds exclusively on A. glycyphyllos), C. hippodromica (feeds exclusively on A. gombo), C. onobrychiella (feeds exclusively on Astragalus), C. polonicella (feeds exclusively on A. arenarius) and C. vicinella.

[edit] Medicinal uses

Main article: Astragalus propinquus#Medicinal_uses

Astragalus propinquus (also known as Astragalus Membranaceus^{[clarification needed]}) has a history of use as an herbal medicine, and the biotechnology firms Geron Corporation and TA Therapeutics of Hong Kong have been working on deriving a telomerase activator from it.

In a recent news release Geron Corporation and Rita Effros from UCLA discussed the possibility of an herbal extract called TAT2 (Cycloastregenol) to be used to help combat HIV, as well as infections associated with chronic diseases or aging.^[2]

[edit] Supplement use

Astragalus Membranaceus is now being purified by supplement companies for the particular natural telomerase activating extracts. Despite lack of evidence and testing, these extracts have started to be marketed as telomere enhancing, and life prolonging extracts. As of January 2009 only three companies offer telomerase activator supplement products from Astragalus: TA Sciences^[3], Terraternal^[4], and RevGenetics^[5] provide Astragaloside IV or another extract derived from Astragalus for this purpose. However no independent tests have confirmed that these supplements actually activate telomerase in a human.

[edit] Ornamental use

Several species, including A. alpinus (bluish-purple flowers), A. hypoglottis (purple flowers) and A. lotoides, are grown as ornamental plants in gardens.

[edit] Toxicology

The family of Astragalus has been reviewed by Rios and Waterman, indicating that the toxicities vary from one species to another ^[6]

[edit] Selected species

This list is incomplete; you can help by expanding it.

(See external references)

Astragalus acutirostris - Sharpkeel milkvetch Astragalus agnicidus - Humboldt County milkvetch Astragalus agrestis - Field milkvetch, Purple milkvetch, Cock's-head Astragalus albens - Cushenbury milkvetch Astragalus alopecuroides Astragalus alpinus - Alpine milkvetch, mountain locoweed Astragalus amphioxys - Crescent milkvetch Astragalus andersonii - Anderson's milkvetch Astragalus angustifolius Astragalus annularis Astragalus anserinus - Goose Creek milkvetch Astragalus anxius - Troubled milkvetch Astragalus arenarius Astragalus aristatus Astragalus asymmetricus - San Joaquin milkvetch Astragalus atropilosulus Astragalus austiniae - Austin's milkvetch Astragalus azizi Astragalus baionensis Astragalus barrii - Barr's milkvetch Astragalus bernardinus - San Bernardino milkvetch Astragalus bibullatus - Limestone-glade milkvetch Astragalus bicristatus - Crested milkvetch, Two-crested milkvetch Astragalus bisulcatus - Two-groove milkvetch Astragalus boeticus Astragalus bolanderi - Bolander's milkvetch Astragalus brauntonii - Braunton's milkvetch Astragalus breweri - Brewer's milkvetch Astragalus californicus - California milkvetch Astragalus canadensis - Canadian milkvetch Astragalus casei - Case's milkvetch Astragalus centralpinus Astragalus christianus Astragalus cicer - Wild Lentil, Chickpea milkvetch Astragalus cimae - Cima milkvetch Astragalus clarianus syn. Astragalus claranus - Clara Hunt's milkvetch, Napa milkvetch Astragalus clevelandii - Cleveland's milkvetch Astragalus coccineus - Scarlet milkvetch, scarlet locoweed Astragalus congdonii - Congdon's milkvetch Astragalus crassicarpus (caryocarpus) - Ground-plum, Buffalo Plum Astragalus crotalariae - Salton milkvetch Astragalus curtipes - Morro milkvetch Astragalus danicus Astragalus deanei - Deane's milkvetch, Dean's milkvetch Astragalus debequaeus - Debeque milkvetch Astragalus depressus Astragalus didymocarpus - Two-seeded milkvetch, Dwarf white milkvetch, white dwarf locoweed Astragalus douglasii - Douglas's milkvetch Astragalus echinus Astragalus eriocarpus Astragalus ertterae - Walker Pass milkvetch Astragalus exscapus Astragalus filipes - Basalt milkvetch Astragalus frigidus - American milk-vetch, Arctic milkvetch Astragalus funereus - Funeral Mountain milkvetch Astragalus galegiformis Astragalus gambelianus - Gambel's dwarf milkvetch, dwarf locoweed Astragalus gibbsii - Gibbs' milkvetch Astragalus gilmanii - Gilman's milkvetch Astragalus gilviflorus - Plains milk-vetch, Plains orophaca Astragalus glycyphyllos - Wild Liquorice, Licorice milkvetch Astragalus gummifer Astragalus holmgreniorum - Holmgren locoweed Astragalus hypoglottis - Field milkvetch, Purple milkvetch, Cock's-head Astragalus illyricus - Illirian milkvetch Astragalus inversus - Susanville milkvetch Astragalus inyoensis - Inyo milkvetch

Astragalus jaegerianus - Lane Mountain milkvetch Astragalus johannis-howellii - Long Valley milkvetch Astragalus kentrophyta - Spiny milkvetch Astragalus layneae - Widow's milkvetch Astragalus lemmonii - Lemmon's milkvetch Astragalus lentiformis - Lens pod milkvetch Astragalus lentiginosus - Freckled milkvetch, mottled locoweed, speckled locoweed, spotted locoweed Astragalus leontinus Astragalus leucolobus - Bear Valley woollypod, Bear Valley milkvetch Astragalus lusitanicus Astragalus lotoides Astragalus malacus - Shaggy milkvetch Astragalus massiliensis Astragalus membranaceus - (syn. A. propinquus[clarification needed]) Huang qi in Chinese Astragalus miguelensis - San Miguel milkvetch Astragalus missouriensis - Missouri milkvetch Astragalus mohavensis - Mojave milkvetch Astragalus mollissimus, woolly locoweed, stemmed locoweed Astragalus monoensis - Mono milkvetch Astragalus monspessulanus Astragalus naturitensis - Naturita milkvetch Astragalus nevinii - San Clemente Island milkvetch Astragalus newberryi - Newberry's milk-vetch Astragalus norvegicus Astragalus nutans - Providence Mountains milkvetch Astragalus nuttallianus - Smallflowered milkvetch Astragalus nuttallii - Nuttall's milk-vetch Astragalus obscurus - Arcane milkvetch Astragalus onobrychis Astragalus oocarpus - Descanso milkvetch, San Diego milkvetch Astragalus oophorus - Egg milkvetch Astragalus oxyphysus - Mt. Diablo milkvetch, Diablo locoweed Astragalus pachypus - Thickpod milkvetch Astragalus panamintensis - Panamint milkvetch Astragalus pauperculus - Depauperate milkvetch Astragalus penduliflorus Astragalus platytropis - Broadkeel milkvetch Astragalus pomonensis - Pomona milkvetch, Pomona locoweed Astragalus propinquus (syn. A. membranaceus) - Huang qi Astragalus pseudiodanthus - Tonopah milkvetch Astragalus pulsiferae - Ames' milkvetch Astragalus purshii - Pursh's milk-vetch, Woolly-pod milkvetch, woolly-pod locoweed Astragalus pycnostachyus - Marsh milkvetch Astragalus rattanii - Rattan's milkvetch Astragalus sabulonum - Gravel milkvetch Astragalus sclerocarpus - Sicklepod milkvetch Astragalus sempervirens Astragalus shevockii - Shevock's milkvetch, Little Kern milkvetch Astragalus shinanensis Astragalus shiroumaensis Astragalus sirinicus Astragalus spatulatus - Tufted milk-vetch, Draba milkvetch Astragalus speirocarpus - coilpod locoweed Astragalus subvestitus - Kern County milkvetch Astragalus tener - Alkali milkvetch Astragalus tennesseensis - Tennessee milk vetch Astragalus tidestromii - Tidestrøm's milkvetch Astragalus traskiae - Trask's milkvetch Astragalus tricarinatus - Triple-ribbed milkvetch Astragalus trichopodus - Santa Barbara milkvetch, coast locoweed, Southern California locoweed Astragalus tridactylus - Foothill milk-vetch Astragalus tragacanthus Astragalus umbraticus - Bald Mountain milkvetch Astragalus vogelii Astragalus webberi - Webber's milkvetch Astragalus whitneyi - Balloon-pod milkvetch Astragalus zionis - Zion milkvetch

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